O artigo tem como foco a participação das organizações operárias na formação educacional do trabalhador rio-grandense. Com base na análise de obras repertoriadas sobre o tema, identifica, de um lado, os aspectos em destaque na bibliografia e, de outro, as experiências operárias mais significativas para a formação do trabalhador. Centra-se na Primeira República, revisando a literatura e caracterizando as práticas pedagógicas e a influência das correntes anarquistas.

First published in Spanish in 2006, _Twenty Theses on Politics_ is a major statement on political philosophy from Enrique Dussel, one of Latin America’s—and the world’s—most important philosophers, and a founder of the philosophy of liberation. Synthesizing a half-century of his pioneering work in moral and political philosophy, Dussel presents a succinct rationale for the development of political alternatives to the exclusionary, exploitative institutions of neoliberal globalization. In twenty short, provocative theses he lays out the foundational elements for a politics (...) of just and sustainable coexistence. Dussel first constructs a theory of political power and its institutionalization, taking on topics such as the purpose of politics and the fetishization of power. He insists that political projects must criticize or reject as unsustainable all political systems, actions, and institutions whose negative effects are suffered by oppressed or excluded victims. Turning to the deconstruction or transformation of political power, he explains the political principles of liberation and addresses matters such as reform and revolution. _Twenty Theses on Politics_ is inspired by recent political transformations in Latin America. As Dussel writes in Thesis 15, regarding the liberation praxis of social and political movements, “The winds that arrive from the South—from Nestor Kirchner, Tabaré Vásquez, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Evo Morales, Hugo Chávez, Fidel Castro, and so many others—show us that things can be changed. The _people _must reclaim sovereignty!” Throughout the twenty theses Dussel engages with Latin American thinkers and activists and with radical political projects such as the World Social Forum. He is also in dialogue with the ideas of Marx, Hegel, Habermas, Rawls, and Negri, offering insights into the applications and limits of their thinking in light of recent Latin American political thought and practice. (shrink)

First published in Spanish in 2006, _Twenty Theses on Politics_ is a major statement on political philosophy from Enrique Dussel, one of Latin America’s—and the world’s—most important philosophers, and a founder of the philosophy of liberation. Synthesizing a half-century of his pioneering work in moral and political philosophy, Dussel presents a succinct rationale for the development of political alternatives to the exclusionary, exploitative institutions of neoliberal globalization. In twenty short, provocative theses he lays out the foundational elements for a politics (...) of just and sustainable coexistence. Dussel first constructs a theory of political power and its institutionalization, taking on topics such as the purpose of politics and the fetishization of power. He insists that political projects must criticize or reject as unsustainable all political systems, actions, and institutions whose negative effects are suffered by oppressed or excluded victims. Turning to the deconstruction or transformation of political power, he explains the political principles of liberation and addresses matters such as reform and revolution. _Twenty Theses on Politics_ is inspired by recent political transformations in Latin America. As Dussel writes in Thesis 15, regarding the liberation praxis of social and political movements, “The winds that arrive from the South—from Nestor Kirchner, Tabaré Vásquez, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Evo Morales, Hugo Chávez, Fidel Castro, and so many others—show us that things can be changed. The _people _must reclaim sovereignty!” Throughout the twenty theses Dussel engages with Latin American thinkers and activists and with radical political projects such as the World Social Forum. He is also in dialogue with the ideas of Marx, Hegel, Habermas, Rawls, and Negri, offering insights into the applications and limits of their thinking in light of recent Latin American political thought and practice. (shrink)

Esse artigo é um resumo de uma tese de doutorado iniciada em 2017 que tem como objetivo analisar onze filmes do gênero documentário que abordam a liderança política de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva ao longo de sua trajetória no cenário nacional. Discuto, entendendo os documentários como fontes narrativas, o tipo de liderança política de Lula nos momentos específicos de suas produções, analisando esteticamente como ele foi representado pelos diversos diretores. Como objetivo específico, busco identificar traços do fenômeno (...) político discutido academicamente intitulado como “Lulismo” presentes nos filmes selecionados. Além da revisão bibliográfica necessária para confecção desse trabalho, utilizei a análise fílmica proposta por Vera Chaia e a Hermenêutica de Profundidade, utilizada por John Thompson em “Ideologia e Cultura Moderna”. (shrink)

Après deux ans de pouvoir de Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, un bilan de cette expérience unique dans la culture politique brésilienne d'une arrivée au pouvoir d'un ouvrier, syndicaliste, peut être tentée. Il s'agit surtout de répérer le changement de paradigme opéré par le président, tant du point de vue du réalisme politique que de celui de la mutation de l'homme lui-même.After two years of power Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, an overview of this unique experience in Brazilian (...) political culture of coming to power of a worker, trade unionist, can be attempted. This is especially the Local orientation paradigm shift made by the President, both from the perspective of political realism as that of the transformation of the man himself. (shrink)

Le président Brésilien Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva a assis son pouvoir sur sa personnalité et des origines populaires qui rompent toute idée de compromission avec les élites. Mais si sa personnalité lui permet de ne pas être une émmanation de son parti , il n'en est pas moins dépendant, pour l'entretien de son image, de celui-ci et des luttes opaques qui s'y déroulent .Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva has based its power on his personality and (...) popular origins that break any idea of ​​compromise with elites. But if his personality can not be a émmanation his party , it is no less dependent for the maintenance of its image, one opaque and struggles taking place. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Journal of the History of Ideas 61.1 (2000) 115-132 [Access article in PDF] Schiller's Theory of Landscape Depiction Jason Gaiger This paper offers a critical discussion of the theory of landscape depiction which Friedrich Schiller developed in an important but neglected article on the work of Friedrich Matthisson, published in 1794. 1 The question of the value and status of landscape painting and poetry was far from settled (...) at the end of the eighteenth century, and Schiller's essay should be seen as making an important contribution to an ongoing debate. 2 The second half of the eighteenth century is marked by a profound ambivalence towards the natural world. On the one hand there is a remarkable "rediscovery" of nature, evidenced in such diverse but related phenomena as the vogue for English gardens and the appreciation of wild and "untamed places," such as the Alps and the Herz mountains. It is also the age of "sentiment," embracing a heightened sensitivity to all aspects of the physical world. And yet when we turn to the visual arts, we find landscape painting ranked far below history painting and portraiture. Precedence is given to the representation of human actions and emotions, and the depiction of the human figure remains the highest goal of ambitious art.The modern hierarchy of the genres was first established on a firm theoretical and practical basis with the founding of the French Royal Academy in the seventeenth century. The painter of living animals is ranked higher than the [End Page 115] painter of inanimate nature who depicts "choses mortes et sans mouvement." 3 The painter of human subjects, who imitates "the most perfect work of God," stands higher still. The highest achievement to which the artist can aspire, however, is history painting, the depiction of groups of figures in themes derived from biblical and mythical sources. To achieve this, the artist cannot depict what he sees but must employ both knowledge and imagination. The fundamental opposition here is between painting as a merely imitative or mechanical art, which is addressed to the eye alone, and painting as a work of "invention" or "imagination," which is addressed to the mind. Only the latter constitutes a properly liberal art, entitling the painter to stand alongside the poet as "un auteur ingénieux et savant" over and above the mere artisan or skilled laborer.The great popularity enjoyed by landscape painting in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was not met by any comparable elevation in its status as a fine art. Addressing students of the Royal Academy in London in 1770, Joshua Reynolds could continue to dismiss landscape and still-life as the "meaner walks of painting" which require only "mechanical" expertise. 4 For Reynolds the status of painting as a fine art is established through its treatment of the great subjects of history painting, that is, the depiction of human passions and the intellect. Only in tackling such themes does the artist succeed in addressing the imagination, which Reynolds describes as the "great end of art." 5 Although of comparatively recent origin, the genre of "landscape poetry" remained equally problematic and could not easily be reconciled with classicist ideals. New categories seemed to be required to comprehend the work of poets such as Albrecht von Haller and James Thomson, in which the varied and ever-changing aspects of the natural landscape were made the central protagonists of the poetic drama. While traditional forms such as the bucolic, the Arcadian, and the pastoral allowed the depiction of rural existence, the new "descriptive poetry" sought to celebrate the life of nature independently of man's intervening presence: it is nature itself rather than man's relation to nature which is made the poet's primary concern.Schiller's review of the third, expanded edition of Matthisson's poetry appeared in two parts in the Jenaer Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung, 11-12 September 1794. While the second half of the review is given over to a detailed discussion of Matthisson's poetry, the first part is reserved for an extended theoretical discussion in which Schiller... (shrink)

A fundamentação filosófica permeada na obra literária do Marquês de Sade está intimamente ligada às teses materialistas, em especial, às obras dos filósofos E. de Condillac e La Mettrie que exerceram tamanha influência sob o Marquês. Nos diálogos dos personagens de Sade, encontramos o desmembramento radical das teses propostas por La Metrrie, em principal, quando adere a uma fisiologia muscular, na qual está relacionada a noções de irritabilidade muscular e de sensibilidade nervosa, bem como a tese central de Condillac, quando (...) explica a natureza humana a partir do prazer e do desprazer, principalmente no que tange ao detalhamento das sensações como responsáveis pela composição de faculdades como a atenção, a memória, a imaginação e o juízo. Ao radicalizar, Sade transita por um caminho obscuro da natureza humana guiado unicamente por um prazer sexual egoísta. Sade se apropria do conceito de Estado de Natureza proposto por Thomas Hobbes para justificar a conduta libertina, porém diferente de Hobbes que reconhece no Estado de Natureza a necessidade da constituição do Estado representado por um soberano para coordenar a ordem em favor da vida de cada indivíduo, Sade, por sua vez, ao reconhecer o Estado de Natureza, onde perdura a guerra de todos contra todos, identifica a predominância da lei do mais forte. A figura do soberano libertino se apresenta para constituir a organização social denominada Orgia, cujos indivíduos adeptos reconhecem-no como o mais forte, e assim, submetem-se ao seu domínio por possuírem algo em comum: a busca de um grau elevado de prazer. (shrink)

LEMOS, Luiz Henrique. A Psicologia da religião Ocidental e Oriental: a influência do círculo de Eranos no atendimento da religião na perspectiva de Carl Gustav Jung. 2013. 127f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Religião) – Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.

In this paper the author introduces two questions for discussion in Descartes, namely: 1. How to understand the “liberty of indifference” in the thought of Descartes; 2. How to understand the conception of the indivisibility of the soul (or spirit). The first one is a classical topic, already studied, among others, by Martial Guéroult and Lívio Teixeira. It concerns the moral conception of Descartes and the related question about the existence of a “permanent moral” in the thought of Descartes, compared (...) to his “provisory moral”. The second question has more contemporary ramifications, since it is about the relation between body and spirit, or mind, which is central in the philosophical reflections of the XXIst Century. The paper doesn’t try to solve these questions, of course, but intends to point some lines of research taking these issues as starting points. This paper also constitutes a tribute to Professor Franklin Leopoldo e Silva (USP). (shrink)

This paper seeks to analyze the construction of ethics in sexuality research in which qualitative methods are employed in the field of social sciences. Analyses are based on a bibliographic review of current discussions on research methods of queer theory and on the authors' own experiences of past research on sexuality. The article offers a theoretical perspective on the ways ethnography and in‐depth interviews become methods that can rely on a consensual method and create a politics of intimacy between the (...) researchers and research participants. The politics of intimacy may contribute to the production of a politically engaged knowledge while escaping from the moral matrix that usually governs the relationship between researchers and research participants. It is argued here that the researcher's sexed and gendered body matters for fieldwork; that the consensual method among participants may be employed in sexuality research as a fruitful tool; and that the relationships created among researchers and participants can pose a challenge to predetermined ethical guidelines in research. As a result, discussions problematize the existence of a politics of intimacy in sexuality research that is characterized by ethical relations among research participants. (shrink)

In visual science the term filling-inis used in different ways, which often leads to confusion. This target article presents a taxonomy of perceptual completion phenomena to organize and clarify theoretical and empirical discussion. Examples of boundary completion (illusory contours) and featural completion (color, brightness, motion, texture, and depth) are examined, and single-cell studies relevant to filling-in are reviewed and assessed. Filling-in issues must be understood in relation to theoretical issues about neuralignoring an absencejumping to a conclusionanalytic isomorphismCartesian materialism, a particular (...) neural stage that forms the immediate substrate of perceptual experience enactiveanimatesubpersonal” considerations about internal processing, but rather by considerations about the task of vision at the level of the animal or person interacting with the world. (shrink)

O Essai sur l’Origine des Langues integra o conjunto das reflexões de Rousseau destinadas ainfluenciar a intelligentsia moderna, num campo, o da especulação sobre a linguagem, que cada vezmais passou a interessar os que, como ele, se empenhavam em produzir uma reforma do conteúdo dossaberes com vistas a estabelecer os princípios norteadores duma pretendida renovação das artes e dasciências. Os tópicos tratados aqui dizem respeito a temas considerados ao mesmo tempocontemporâneos ao autor e, supõe-se, aos leitores atuais da obra. Para (...) se ter uma ideia mais clara doque se pretende discutir, optou-se por resenhar os pontos do Essai que têm relação com os objetivosperseguidos e em seguida passar à discussão propriamente dita. (shrink)

São descritas Oficinas Terapêuticas conduzidas por psicólogos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial – álcool e drogas, direcionadas a adultos de ambos os sexos, usuários de álcool e/ou outras drogas. Seus objetivos principais eram proporcionar espaços de expressão, construção e transformação subjeti..

(1998). Staging the self by performing the other: Global fantasies and the migration of the projective imagination 1. Cultural Values: Vol. 2, No. 2-3, pp. 288-304.

InThe Cognitive-Emotional Brain(Pessoa 2013), I describe the many ways that emotion and cognition interact and are integrated in the brain. The book summarizes five areas of research that support this integrative view and makes four arguments to organize each area. (1) Based on rodent and human data, I propose that the amygdala's functions go beyond emotion as traditionally conceived. Furthermore, the processing of emotion-laden information is capacity limited, thus not independent of attention and awareness. (2) Cognitive-emotional interactions in the human (...) prefrontal cortex (PFC) assume diverse forms and are not limited to mutual suppression. Particularly, the lateral PFC is a focal point for cognitive-emotional interactions. (3) Interactions between motivation and cognition can be seen across a range of perceptual and cognitive tasks. Motivation shapes behavior in specific ways – for example, by reducing response conflict or via selective effects on working memory. Traditional accounts, by contrast, typically describe motivation as a global activation independent of particular control demands. (4) Perception and cognition are directly influenced by information with affective or motivational content in powerful ways. A dual competition model outlines a framework for such interactions at the perceptual and executive levels. A specific neural architecture is proposed that embeds emotional and motivational signals into perception and cognition through multiple channels. (5) A network perspective should supplant the strategy of understanding the brain in terms of individual regions. More broadly, in a network view of brain architecture, “emotion” and “cognition” may be used as labels of certain behaviors, but will not map cleanly into compartmentalized pieces of the brain. (shrink)

Although emotion is closely associated with motivation, and interacts with perception, cognition, and action, many conceptualizations still treat emotion as separate from these domains. Here, a comparative/evolutionary anatomy framework is presented to motivate the idea that long-range, distributed circuits involving the midbrain, thalamus, and forebrain are central to emotional processing. It is proposed that emotion can be understood in terms of large-scale network interactions spanning the neuroaxis that form “functionally integrated systems.” At the broadest level, the argument is made that (...) we need to move beyond a Newtonian view of causation to one involving complex systems where bidirectional influences and nonlinearities abound. Therefore, understanding interactions between subsystems and signal integration becomes central to unraveling the organization of the emotional brain. (shrink)

Uma exegese filosófica da problemática do niilismo na obra de Cioran, partindo de uma análise lexicográfica dos usos discursivos deste conceito, mas sem se limitar a ele (que está longe de ter um estatuto privilegiado no discurso cioraniano). Levando em conta a reviravolta que marca uma cisão no âmago da obra de Cioran, na transição entre seus escritos romenos e franceses, e combinando à lexicografia um procedimento propriamente hermenêutico do tema do niilismo, conclui-se com uma reflexão sobre o nexo entre (...) niilismo e humor na obra francesa de Cioran, notadamente em Silogismos da amargura (1952), em contraste com o niilismo da “seriedade infinita” (sinônimo de desespero) que caracteriza a sua obra romena. (shrink)

Este artigo considera o desenraizamento afetivo-religioso de Freud no seu contexto familiar e sociocultural e também visa mostrar algumas críticas que neofreudianos e cientistas fazem a Freud. Condicionado, conscientemente ou não, pelas representações (memórias) originárias, Freud não aprofundou as raízes afetivo-religiosas no chão pedregoso de sua infância. Suas primeiras experiências afetivo-religiosas (não tão positivas) foram como pedras escabrosas no chão de sua frágil existência. Com o drástico desaparecimento da babá Resi Wittek, as tenras raízes afetivo-religiosas do psiquismo de Freud praticamente (...) perdem a inicial vitalidade, tentando compensar essa perda com sua mãe, em nível de cuidados e afetos, que não podia corresponder. Ela poderia somente oferecer-lhe um suporte em nível narcisista (jovem e bonita). Ele somente recebeu esse apoio afetivo-religioso de seu pai (Jakob) mais tarde quando já marcado negativamente em seus relacionamentos com os primeiros objetos. Assim determinado, Freud se sente desamparado, em sua infância. Ao entrar na adolescência Freud se declara ateu influenciado pelo ambiente cultural eivado do cientificismo ateu e de um radical anticlericalismo. Sem raízes afetivo-religiosas profundas, em nível experiencial, Freud não poderia ser uma árvore robusta na dimensão religioso-espiritual, apesar de tanto se preocupar com ela. (shrink)

Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 No seminário de 1959-60, o psicanalista Jacques Lacan anuncia sua decisáo de abordar ali o tema da ética da psicanálise. Para uma clara compreensáo da contribuiçáo freudiana, ele resgata, como contraponto, a referência aristotélica da Ethica Nicomachea . Nessa obra, Aristóteles está em busca de um bem mais excelente, e este corresponde à felicidade. Ele pode ser alcançado pelo uso da atividade racional aliado à prática da virtude. Se, para Lacan, a investigaçáo aristotélica (...) comporta certa idealidade, o registro psicanalítico funda-se a partir da realidade. Para isso, ele retoma a noçáo freudiana de das Ding . Como objeto da primeira experiência de satisfaçáo, das Ding fundará todo o encaminhamento do sujeito. Na estrutura neurótica, entretanto, o reencontro com das Ding é excessivo; o sujeito náo o pode suportar. É por trás dessa realidade sem predicaçáo que é das Ding que Lacan encontrará a realidade que ordena, a saber, a lei da interdiçáo do incesto. É nessa dimensáo que o sujeito, em análise, é convocado a advir. O presente estudo, portanto, tem como objetivo realizar esse percurso – do bem supremo aristotélico à ética do desejo –, apontando as contribuições da psicanálise à discussáo ética. (shrink)

DIREITO À CONVIVÊNCIA E SEPARAÇÃO DOS GENITORES: CONCRETIZAÇÃO COMO PRIORIDADE.

In 2015 Dag Prawitz proposed an Ecumenical system where classical and intuitionistic logic could coexist in peace. The classical logician and the intuitionistic logician would share the universal quantifier, conjunction, negation and the constant for the absurd, but they would each have their own existential quantifier, disjunction and implication, with different meanings. Prawitz’ main idea is that these different meanings are given by a semantical framework that can be accepted by both parties. The aim of the present paper is [1] (...) to prove the normalization theorem for the propositional fragment NEp of Prawitz’ ecumenical system, and [2] to show that NEp is sound and complete with respect to a Kripke-style semantics for the language of NEp. (shrink)

Uma interpretação corrente do fenômeno social ensina que todos os bens coletivos são bens convergentes. As concepções bem-estarista e utilitarista na economia e na filosofia, respectivamente, são os seus principais expoentes. A tese consiste em aceitar que “totalidades sociais” são inexoravelmente compostas de “partes” e que, por isso, na base de cada bem público ou social se encontrariam sempre os indivíduos, os quais seriam, em última análise, responsáveis pela sua existência. Assim, os bens públicos seriam bens para os quais convergem (...) interesses e escolhas dos agentes sociais. O presente estudo mostra, em primeiro lugar, segundo a compreensão de Taylor, que nem todos os bens coletivos são bens convergentes. Alguns bens sociais podem ser considerados bens irredutivelmente sociais, cuja justificativa se encontra na reflexão sobre o significado. Em segundo lugar, aborda a contribuição que a noção hegeliana de eticidade teve sobre a formulação desse argumento. (shrink)

O presente estudo analisa o conceito tayloriano de bens irredutivelmente sociais. Além disso, visa avaliar a possibilidade da existência de bens intrinsecamente sociais, ou se todos os bens, em última análise, devem ser compreendidos apenas como bens originariamente formulados enquanto bens individuais. Caso existam bens intrinsecamente sociais, que consequências podem ser derivadas no que tange à discussão em torno dos direitos coletivos? O tratamento destas questões é levado à cabo no artigo Bens irredutivelmente sociais, de Charles Taylor, onde o filósofo (...) canadense afirma que existem bens convergentes e bens irredutivelmente sociais. Os convergentes seriam aqueles que podem ser decompostos em bens individuais, ou seja, são aqueles que somente indivíduos podem acessar; por outro lado, bens irredutivelmente sociais são aqueles partilhados por um grupo humano ou que possuam um significado comum concedido por um pano de fundo, o que impede que sejam decompostos primariamente em bens individuais. Após essa análise, nos propomos a apresentar as consequências teóricas que podem ser derivadas da defesa de bens sociais. (shrink)

Universidade e educação em uma visão antroplógica, à luz da grande tradição da filosofia ocidental: Platão, Aristóteles, Agostinho e, sobretudo, Tomás de Aquino.

In this response, I suggest that the focus of “emotion” researchers should be more on striving to develop a science of brain and behavior than on deciding what is the proper status of emotion. Because structure and function are closely intertwined in biological systems, advancing our understanding of complex behaviors will necessitate researching their brain substrates.

DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO ITABORAHY, Luiz Carlos. O horizonte da juventude na educação e pastoral populares : história, diálogo e configuração de Medellín a Puebla (1968-1979). 2012. 207 folhas. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.

The relation between ex falso and disjunctive syllogism, or even the justification of ex falso based on disjunctive syllogism, is an old topic in the history of logic. This old topic reappears in contemporary logic since the introduction of minimal logic by Johansson. The disjunctive syllogism seems to be part of our general non-problematic inferential practices and superficially it does not seem to be related to or to depend on our acceptance of the frequently disputable ex falso rule. We know (...) that the acceptance of the ex falso is a sufficient condition for the acceptance of the disjunctive syllogism, but the interesting question is: is the ex falso a necessary condition for the acceptance of the disjunctive syllogism? The aim of the present paper is to discuss some possible ways to define systems that combines the preservation of the disjunctive syllogism with the rejection of the ex falso. (shrink)

RESUMO Na "Kritik der praktischen Vernunft", os conceitos do factum da razão e do sentimento de respeito pela lei moral geram grandes divergências interpretativas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as interpretações de Zeljko Loparic, Guido Antônio de Almeida e Flávia Carvalho Chagas. ABSTRACT In "Kritik der praktischen Vernunft", the concepts of factum of reason and of feeling of respect for the moral law generate great interpretative divergences. This paper aims to present the interpretations of Zeljko Loparic, Guido Antônio (...) de Almeida and Flávia Carvalho Chagas. (shrink)